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Difference curvature (E) is a
half-difference of horizontal and vertical curvatures*. The unit of
measurement is m-1. Once
elevations are given by
where
kh and kv are horizontal and vertical curvatures,
correspondingly, Two mechanisms of flow accumulation, convergence and deceleration, are controlled by
horizontal and vertical curvatures, correspondingly. So, difference
curvature shows to what extent flow deceleration is higher than flow
convergence at the given point of the topographic surface. Like other local morphometric
variables, difference curvature
can be derived from a digital
elevation model (DEM) by finite-difference methods (e.g., IF-2009 method and IF-1998 method) as well as the universal spectral
analytical method. Example**. A model of difference curvature was
derived from a DEM of Mount Ararat by the universal spectral analytical
method. The model includes 779,401 points (the matrix 1081 x 721);
the grid spacing is 1". To deal with the large
dynamic range of this variable, its
values were logarithmically transformed.
The vertical exaggeration of the 3D model is 2x. The data processing and modelling were carried out using the software Matlab R2008b. |
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DIGITAL TERRAIN ANALYSIS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND GEOLOGY 2nd revised edition I.V. Florinsky Elsevier / Academic Press, 2016 Amsterdam, 486 p. ISBN 978-0-12-804632-6 |
